When To Start Colon Cancer Screenings

Colon cancer has early warning signs, though these signs aren’t easily observable. As with other cancers, early detection leads to better outcomes. 

That’s why, at Gastroenterology and Nutrition of Central Florida, we regularly recommend colon cancer screening for our patients over the age of 45 or those who present one or more significant risk factors. 

Colon cancer basics

The reasons for most cases of colon cancer aren't fully understood. Changes to the DNA of colon cells cause cells to multiply at an increased rate, forming growths called polyps. 

Polyps aren’t usually cancerous to start with, but some can become cancerous over time, forming tumors. Polyps generally cause no symptoms, and given their location within the colon sections of the large intestine, they’re not readily observable. 

As you get older, you’re more likely to develop colon cancer, though it can strike anyone at any age. Cancer screening becomes more critical as you get older. It’s also essential if you have other risk factors for the disease. 

Colon cancer risk factors

Besides being over 50, other colon cancer risks include: 

• Race: Black people have a higher incidence level than other races
• Genetics: close relatives with colon cancer raise your risk
• Personal history: if you’ve had polyps or colon cancer before, you have a greater risk
• Other conditions and diseases: including diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease 
• Alcohol and nicotine: heavy drinkers and smokers
• Radiation therapy: other abdominal cancers treated with radiation can affect the colon
• Sedentary lifestyle: physical activity can lower your risk
• Obesity: raises both the risk of colon cancer and its mortality rate
• High-fat, low-fiber diet: processed and red meat are statistically connected with colon cancer

If you have more than one of these risk factors, discuss if you require early or more frequent screening to offset these risks. 

Types of colon cancer screening

There are two fundamental approaches to colon cancer screening. The first examines samples of fecal matter for blood or other cancer markers, while the second visualizes the colon’s interior in some way. 

Tests like annual stool blood tests and Cologuard© use lab testing to uncover signs of cancer. These tests are noninvasive, done in your own home, and sent to a lab for analysis. However, these tests are not very accurate. For example, Cologuard misses 8% of colon cancers. 

Visualizing the colon can take several forms. Colonoscopy uses cameras to view the walls of the colon, and it’s the most accurate way to identify polyps and cancer. Your physician can also take tissue samples if needed during the procedure. Virtual colonoscopy is a specialized CT scan used for some patients. It’s non-invasive but not as effective. 

Contact the nearest of five locations of Gastroenterology and Nutrition of Central Florida to schedule your colon cancer screening consultation. Book your visit by phone or online today.